IT’S ONLY TAKEN ME 18 YEARS to catch up with a Red (or Grey) Phalarope in East Lancs! I moved here in 2005, a week after the New Laithe Farm scrapes bird, so I owe the finder of this one, Ian Corbett a big thank you! Apart from a fly-by bird at Stocks I can’t think of another one in the intervening period. I have seen hundreds of them this summer on the Alaskan tundra so it was great to see the next stage of their life cycle, a first winter bird on migration. It has been windy lately, and it is maybe the same weather that brought the American passerines to the west that delivered this lovely little bird to East Lancs. They are often storm-blown inland. It was feeding very actively and interestingly mostly in a tiny inlet on the SE corner of Lower Foulridge Reservoir. Typically ultra tame it walked right past me a few times less than a metre away but it would not do this for the folks standing bolt upright. I can’t understand why birders don’t get this. Or maybe they don’t own a washing machine? Anyway the R5’s flipscreen came into its own again, no need to lie down in the mud anymore.
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Birding
ANOTHER GRAND DAY OUT TO PEMBROKESHIRE resulted in two UK lifers, Bay-breasted and Canada Warblers. Edging me closer to that magic number! Both are a product of the historic fall of North American passerines brought by Hurricane Lee in midweek. The Bay-breasted Warbler turned up on Ramsay Island on Thursday, while we were watching the Magnolia Warbler but there were no boats until Saturday, so, after a nervous day of waiting, Diedert and I set off again in the middle of the night. The 40 birders on the early morning boat from St Justinian was like a ‘Who’s who’ of British listers (with the exception of us of course!). Some of the guys noticed that a couple of folks came out of the house on the island, looked behind it and then went back in again - surely a sign the bay-breast was still there. They would have been wandering around looking for it otherwise right? After a nice wryneck on the path above the lifeboat station the news came through that the bay-breast was indeed still there. Game on! The locals did a very thorough job of policing the twitch, they had even called in two police officers to keep an eye on us! The warbler was very active indeed on a lovely sunny morning and showed very well to two boat loads at a time, between 40-80 people only! A minute crowd for the first twitchable one in the UK and only the second record here. What a lovely bird it was, with very striking white-edged wing feathers. I heard it call a few times, a very thin robin alarm-like whistle. Every now and again, it would retreat to the shelter of the willows in the garden after touring the tiny valley in which I saw the Indigo Bunting in 1996. Thank you Ramsay Island and all the folks who made the trip possible.
While we were in the boat to Ramsay, we re-entered mobile phone signal and news came through that a Canada Warbler had turned up near the Magnolia! The first UK record no less. Many of the old timers in the boat had seen the Irish bird but it was still a shock nevertheless. I got separated from Diedert as he raced off for the Canada Warbler with Dan but I enjoyed some more views of the bay-breast before the next boatload came over. What a terrific experience! We also saw up to eight choughs, a Peregrine, some Chiffchaffs, Goldcrests and a Blackcap in the vicinity of the garden behind the white house. The wind picked up gradually and I did zip over to Flimston for the Canada Warbler but it was total carnage there, a lovely little dell in the ancient willows around which it frequented, looked like a bison re-introduction scheme after the crowd had thinned out. Although I managed a couple of sightings, one a cracking full view for about 10 seconds, and another bits and pieces including in-flight view (thanks Sam Viles!) it was a really horrible crowd experience, easily my most intense in 42 years of twitching. The irony of enjoying climate change-induced events is not lost on me. We are going to see bigger and more powerful storms crossing the Atlantic as time goes by so the mega chasers will no doubt see more rare birds, as long as their populations hold out.
WE HAD A SWEEPSTAKE IN THE OFFICE A COUPLE OF DAYS AGO, I CHOSE MAGNOLIA WARBLER AS THE NEXT NEW FOR AUTUMN 2023 MEGA but after a day I thought this was a ridiculous choice so I think I changed it to nighthawk or something. I should have stuck with it, as this morning I was watching the little cracker on Trevallen Downs, St Govan’s Head in lovely Pembrokeshire! Easy to see but surprisingly difficult to see well, it was several hours before I got a nice close view like the one above. It was mostly parts of the bird as it flitted around in fairly deep cover in bushes in a way not dissimilar to how Pallas’s Warbler can disappear into bare hawthorns. As the third UK record and the first on the mainland it drew a big crowd, with lots of familiar faces, only we all look like old people now! There was a steady passage of hirundines, mostly swallows, and Meadow Pipits and Sky Larks overhead but the bushes frequented by the Magnolia Warbler were rather quiet, with only a couple of Chiffchaffs, Blackcaps and a Sedge Warbler of note on a lovely sunny day, after the early showers had passed through. A Clouded Yellow butterfly also skipped by as we were watching the Magnolia. Almost 10 years ago to the day I was watching Magnolia Warblers at Magee Marsh in Ohio, this is one of the earlier migrating wood warblers after all. The past two days have probably seen the biggest arrival of Nearctic passerines ever recorded in the UK and in Pembrokeshire alone there are Bay-breasted and Black-and-white Warblers, Bobolink and a likely Alder Flycatcher in addition to the Magnolia. It is all the result of an unusually large, fast moving warm front crossing the Atlantic giving these birds a ride. Edenwatcher on birdforum.neet made a good comment ‘There is nothing unlikely about being swept up in a weather event. It happens to millions of birds every autumn. What is unlikely is multiple American passerines leaping off a flurry of ships across the length of the west of Britain and Ireland within a 24 hour period associated with perfect conditions to lead to their natural arrival, Rob’. Thanks to Diedert for driving today!
Spectacled Eider is essentially a Siberian breeding bird, nesting in the Yana, Indigirka and Kolyma River deltas, with outposts on the tundra of Alaska’s North Slope and Yukon Delta. It's a bird I had wanted to see since I was a child. Heinzel, Fitter and Parslow's 'The Birds of Britain and Europe' published by Collins described it as a 'rare winter visitor to the coasts of N Russia and Arctic Norway' so it remained a distant dream. Many years later I had tea on a lawn in Cambridgeshire, with John Parslow, who had turned out to be a neighbour of one of my customers when I was manager of NatWest Bank’s now-closed Royston branch. It’s a small world.
My first encounter with the eider was not really what I was expecting, and it started with another small world encounter. I was writing some details of the Grizzly Bear we had seen that morning in the log at the reception of the Aurora Inn in Nome and someone stood next to me, checking in at the counter there. ‘Your name please’ said the lady at the counter. ‘Ron Johns’ said the chap next to me. What a lovely surprise! I swung round, but I hadn’t seen Ron for around 30 years, since I used to spend a lot of time at Cley-next-the-sea in Norfolk. I guess we have both changed a lot in that time and he probably didn’t recognise me either, as the kid lister who used to hang around with Richard Webb. I’m 57 now and he’s turned 80. We chatted briefly and went to evening meal.
We met again afterwards, but all of my Wild Images photography group were done in after a series of long days in the field, so they went straight to bed. However, the sun was still shining so off I went with Ron and his wife Sue in convoy to check Cape Nome. The cape itself was quiet except for a few Harlequins and distant scoters among the ice floes drifting quietly by but we could see there were more eiders scattered on the sea to the east. At least the infernal construction traffic rebuilding the sea defences had stopped for the evening. There were also several vans parked up in the distance with birders and scopes set up. This must be where the action was, so I rolled up and who else, but the seemingly omnipresent Tom Johnson was there with his Field Guides group and bingo! He showed me my first Spectacled Eider! Thanks Tom! I was quickly able to pass the baton to Ron, who at least had a scope (mine was still somewhere in the world of lost airline baggage) – it’s not every day that you get to show the UK’s most famous twitcher a world lifer! If you want to read more about Ron’s early birding career, he features heavily in Mark Cocker’s definitive book ‘Birders Tales of a Tribe’. Ron was a true pioneer of twitching and was always one of the nicest people on the scene back in the day, when we would whisper to each other ‘there’s Ron Johns!’.
The eiders were two drakes and a female, a dream come true from the 1970s and we watched them for a while, gently bobbing up and down in the relatively calm sea just off the beach. Tom hurried off with his group, no time to talk as they had a lot of good birds to catch up with and Ron and Sue also headed off. I went for a walk along the beach in the evening sunshine looking for a pebble to mark the occasion. I am a bit nuts and collect pebbles. There were some lovely small, smooth and rounded quartz pebbles and eventually I settled on one for my bookshelves that looks a bit like the round white spectacle on the eider’s head. Fast forward to the time of writing and the pebble I chose now also marks the last time I would see dear Tom, so it’s taken on an even more special significance. I do not label pebbles, and they all end up mixed on my bookcases so I can only recall where I found a few special ones. I’m not going to let this one go into the mix of the pebble bookcase beach so easily.
The Spectacled Eiders remained distant and only identifiable if I took a photo and zoomed in to a few pixels on the b.o.c. but, after a short while, they rather serendipitously hopped onto an ice floe with some Common Eiders, which was floating closer to shore, towards the rocks of the cape. I was able to whizz along the coast road and clamber down to the water’s edge (not something I’d do with a group!) to take a few photos of them at least at a more acceptable range. I searched for them with the group the following day, but they were gone. No stress though, the Spectacled Eider experience would just have to wait until we reached Utqiagvík.
Flying north, two days later, we passed icing sugar-like snow-clad Denali, the green forests of the Yukon Valley and then the sharp peaks of the Brooks Range before the landscape turned brown over the tundra of the North Slope. At least one million lakes were interspersed by pingos and untamed meandering rivers, complete with zillions of ox-bow lakes and traces thereof. The lakes were mostly frozen with just the slimmest dark blue outlines where the water had started to melt.
There is nothing like experiencing the tundra pools of the North Slope in spring. There are simply birds everywhere! We started our exploration of this special area along the strangely named Cake Eater Road (a derogatory term for wealthy people) and then out into the gas field. Utqiagvík (formerly Barrow) is not a wilderness experience but there isn’t a more accessible place like it in the world for the sheer spectacle of tundra birds. It is a true world birding hotspot/Mecca. It was so strange to ignore hundreds of Red Phalaropes, a bird I normally spend hours looking for in Iceland and Svalbard, in favour of the even bigger prizes. The first eiders we spotted from the road was a pair of spectacular Spectacled Eiders, not far away in a partly frozen pool, which added another dimension to the background. Within a couple of days of warmer temperatures, the ice was gone and with the warmer temperatures came an infuriating heat shimmer.
Those who stayed up past midnight witnessed something very special. We could see it happening while we were exploring back at the coast. The sun was going to reappear from behind clouds to the west at a ridiculously low angle and we hurried to the tundra pools. The pair of Spectacled Eiders was still in the same spot, and we were able to enjoy the most incredible light show as the tundra glowed in the golden sunlight. Although we tried to recreate this moment on subsequent days, banks of cloud to the west meant it did not happen again.
Apart from spending a lot of time resting, we noticed some interesting eider behaviour. At first, the male of the pair seemed more nervous than the female, which was rather unconcerned. After spending a while photographing them in the myriad shallow tundra pools, another male appeared and caused quite a stir. The usurper was eventually seen off and things returned to normal. Sometime afterwards a lone female joined the pair, and she too was seen off but after this event, the original female became much more nervous, ushering her male away from us and they disappeared out of sight onto some more distant pools.
The show was not quite over yet, after turning in, I looked out of my hotel room window at just before 4am and there, on the ice, just off the beach was a huge Polar Bear! Joined for a while by another, eating whale meat put out by local people, it was still present at 7.45am for those heading to breakfast. What a day and a bit it had been at the top of the world. We enjoyed some more encounters in the following days with the best eider, but we now had other fish to fry.
There is something else really fascinating about Spectacled Eider. In 1988 the late great Steve Madge wrote in his Helm masterpiece ‘Wildfowl an identification guide’ that ‘its winter grounds remain a mystery’ and he went on to say ‘There are few sightings of numbers at the time of post-breeding moult or in winter quarters, suggesting that very large numbers must be present at these times in a relatively small area far offshore, probably around edges of pack ice in Bering Sea though this remains unproven’. He was spot on! Not long after he wrote this, the wintering grounds were indeed discovered, out in the Bering Sea to the southwest of St Lawrence Island in polynyas, which are small unfrozen areas of water surrounded by sea ice. I recall seeing a photo of thousands of eiders dotted in a large polynya, when news of the discovery was first published in 1996.
Spectacled Eider used to be much more common than it is now. For instance, in the Yukon Delta the 1970s population of 47,740 pairs decreased to a mere 1,721 by 1992! The main reason for this catastrophic decline was cited as lead poisoning, from shot pellets that had accumulated in pond sediments on their breeding tundra after a century of intensive hunting. The eiders accidentally ingest the pellets while foraging on the bottom of tundra pools.
Now the poor eiders must contend with the effects of climate change as well. The recent warming of the Bering Sea has allowed more pelagic fish to move into the eider’s wintering grounds and compete for food. An additional threat comes in the form of predators such as Glaucous Gulls and Ravens, which take advantage of the oil and gas industries’ infrastructure, such as pipelines and electricity poles. Arctic Fox, another major predator, has also benefitted in some areas where human activity has helped it survive through access to shelter and food garbage. Like it or not, the Utqiagvík policy of shooting foxes on sight must be helping the beleaguered eiders.
Spectacled Eider is ‘only’ considered to be ‘Near Threatened’ by BirdLife International but their species summary hints that this status may not be up-to-date and that it might be declining at a faster rate, which would cause its status to be up-listed (or should that be down-listed?). I can’t imagine there is any good news in store for its prospects and eider numbers seemed to be down at Utqiagvík generally this year so, once again, it is a bird to see sooner rather than later! See you next time in Utqiagvík?
One final thing. Can you believe there is someone who saw the eiders ‘the wrong way round’? That is, in the order of Spectacled, King, Steller’s and then lastly Common. Well one of my Birdquest clients, with a life list way over 8000 species, admitted to that, having done almost zero birding in the UK. Funnily enough, this is exactly the order in which we saw them at Utqiagvík as well.